When I meet with high school students and their families, one of the first questions I hear is, “What do colleges really look for?” The truth is, it’s not just about your grades or test scores anymore. Most selective colleges today use a process called holistic admissions — and while that word sounds vague or even intimidating, it actually opens the door for students from all kinds of backgrounds to shine in their own way.
I’ve worked with students who doubted themselves because they didn’t have a perfect GPA or a long list of AP classes. And yet, some of those students were accepted into top-tier universities — not because they “checked all the boxes,” but because they brought something real and meaningful to the table. If you’re wondering how to stand out in a world of competitive college applications, this guide is for you.
Holistic Admissions Explained: What Do Colleges Look For?
Holistic admissions means that colleges evaluate you as a whole person, not just a set of numbers. They consider your academic achievements, yes, but also your character, experiences, values, and the potential you bring to campus. It’s about who you are — not just what you’ve done.
Colleges want to build a diverse, dynamic class. That means they’re looking for students who will contribute in different ways — as leaders, artists, problem-solvers, activists, curious thinkers, and compassionate community members. They want to see your story, not just your scores.
Let’s break down what this really means in practice.
What Colleges Evaluate in a Holistic Application
Academic Performance and Rigor
Yes, your GPA still matters. But it’s not just the number — it’s about the context. Did you challenge yourself with rigorous courses like AP or IB? Did your grades improve over time? Did you make the most of what your school offered?
When I worked with Maya, a first-gen student from a rural high school, she worried that she had “only” taken two AP classes. But her school didn’t offer many. What mattered was that she took the hardest courses available and earned strong grades. Her transcript told a story of perseverance — and colleges noticed.
For more insight into how GPA and testing balance out, take a look at our guide on GPA vs. standardized tests.
Test Scores (When Applicable)
In the era of test-optional and test-blind admissions, many students wonder: should I even submit my SAT or ACT scores? My advice is to submit them only if they strengthen your application. A great score can help, but a so-so score won’t necessarily hurt you if you choose not to report it.
Some students, like Alex, thrive in the classroom but struggle with timed tests. When he applied test-optional, he focused on telling his story through essays and recommendations — and earned a spot at a top liberal arts college.
Personal Essays and Statements
Essays are where admissions officers hear your voice. They want to know what matters to you, what you’ve overcome, and how you think. A powerful personal statement can make a lasting impression — especially if it reveals something deeper than a résumé could.
I often tell students: your essay doesn’t need to be about a dramatic event. It needs to be honest. One of my students, Samira, wrote about teaching her younger brother how to ride a bike — and used it to reflect on patience, growth, and the quiet ways we lead. It was simple, but beautiful.
If you’re not sure where to begin, check out our tips on writing a strong personal statement.
Extracurricular Activities and Leadership
Colleges don’t expect you to do everything. They want to see commitment, growth, and impact. Whether it’s sports, music, debate, volunteering, part-time jobs, or caring for family — it all counts. What matters is what you’ve done with what you had.
Jin, an international student I worked with, didn’t have access to clubs or sports. But he started a blog to teach younger students math in his village — and that initiative impressed more than one admissions committee.
For more strategies on how to stand out, read our article on standing out in competitive admissions.
Letters of Recommendation
Strong recommendation letters offer insight into your character, work ethic, and how you interact with others. Choose teachers who know you well — especially those who’ve seen your growth or resilience. Your counselor’s letter can also highlight personal or contextual challenges you’ve faced.
We’ve created a full guide on how to secure strong recommendation letters that can support your holistic profile.
Context and Background
This is where holistic admissions becomes truly human. Colleges consider your circumstances — including your family background, financial situation, school environment, and any personal hurdles you’ve faced.
For example, Diego, a student from a low-income household, worked 20 hours a week to support his siblings. His transcript wasn’t perfect, but his application reflected grit and maturity. That context mattered — and he earned a full scholarship to a state university.
Colleges are not just looking for perfection. They’re looking for potential.
How to Strengthen Your Holistic Application
If you’re applying to colleges that practice holistic admissions, here’s how you can present your best self — authentically and strategically.
- Start early: Give yourself time to reflect, write, and revise. Use our college admissions timeline to stay on track.
- Tell your story: Think about what makes you unique — your culture, passions, struggles, or dreams. Then show how those experiences have shaped your goals.
- Prioritize depth over breadth: It’s better to go deep in a few activities than to spread yourself thin. Show commitment and leadership.
- Ask for help: Don’t be afraid to ask a teacher, mentor, or advisor for guidance. A second set of eyes can help you polish your writing and strategy.
- Be real: Authenticity is powerful. Don’t write what you think colleges want to hear — write what’s true to you.
And most importantly, don’t compare yourself to others. Your path is yours alone.
FAQs About Holistic Admissions
Do all colleges use holistic admissions?
No, not all. Most highly selective and private institutions use holistic review. Many public universities rely more heavily on academic metrics, though some incorporate holistic elements.
Is holistic admissions better for low-income or first-gen students?
In many ways, yes. Holistic review allows colleges to understand your context, which can help level the playing field if you’ve faced barriers or lacked access to resources.
Can I still get in if I have a low GPA?
Possibly. If your GPA is lower but you have strong essays, upward trends, meaningful activities, and compelling life experiences, colleges may still admit you based on your potential.
What’s the best way to explain a hardship or gap in my application?
Use the Additional Information section of your application or ask your counselor to include it in their recommendation. Be honest, brief, and focus on what you’ve learned or how you’ve grown.
Final Thoughts: You Are More Than a Number
Holistic admissions isn’t about being perfect. It’s about being real. I’ve seen students with average GPAs and extraordinary stories rise to the top of the pile — not because they checked every box, but because they showed heart, purpose, and potential.
If there’s one thing I’d tell every student reading this, it’s this: you matter. Your story matters. And the right college will see that if you give them the chance to know you fully.
Whether you’re applying to an Ivy or a state university, take the time to be thoughtful and intentional. And if you’re looking for more support along the way, explore our guides on college interviews, application mistakes to avoid, or even early decision vs early action — every piece can make a difference.
The admissions process isn’t just a test of your credentials. It’s a chance to reflect on who you are, what you’ve overcome, and where you’re headed next. And that, to me, is what makes it beautiful.